The COVID-19 pandemic showed we are all vulnerable in a crisis, but also that crisis can deepen inequality. The virus infected (and continues to infect) regardless of race, class and passport, and this is precisely what exposes race, class, and passport as the inequality-producing mechanisms they are. Migrants – or
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Populist radical right parties have gained support in Europe using convincing messaging based on nationalism, nativism, and promises of returning to a « better » past. They have seemed to leverage people’s frustrations with the current challenges by offering simple solutions: a stronger state, traditional values, and security from perceived threats. This
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The Alternative for Germany (AfD), founded in February 2013, began as a Eurosceptic movement and later expanded to challenge immigration policies. In just a decade, the AfD has gained popularity across all federal states by securing significant votes in regional, national, and European elections among all age groups. Initially dismissed
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The political landscape of the Netherlands underwent a drastic change in 2023. After 11 years, the longest-standing prime minister, Mark Rutte, left a power vacuum that would reshape Dutch politics. Geert Wilders, long considered a political outsider, emerged as the winner of the elections held in 2023. But how did
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With a widespread rise of populist radical right (PRR) parties, Vox in Spain and Chega in Portugal have adapted the anti-immigration and anti-establishment narrative to address country-specific issues like national unity and economic inequality. The focus on these issues accounts for programmatic singularities that, while consistent with a broader PRR
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